Not an Education Thing, It’s a Medical Thing Attention...

The treatment of people with ADHD has varied over the years with what they can and cannot do. â€Å"ADHD stands for Attention-defiance hyperactivity disorder, it is a condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity† (NAMI). Usually, it is diagnosed in early childhood, but it is not limited to children, adults can also be diagnosed later in their years. The diagnose effects about 9% in children ages 9-17 and 2-4% adults. The symptoms are different for everyone, because there is such a wide range of diagnoses. ADHD itself cannot be determined by just one test, it takes a series of test. Symptoms include, difficult engaging is activities quietly, excessive talking, difficult times in paying attention and failure to pay†¦show more content†¦After becoming so into swimming, in sixth grade he told his mom he wanted to be taken off stimulant medication for ADHD, and she decided to go along with it, thinking with his busy schedule he could control himsel f. Now, at 28 years old the Olympic swimmer has won a total of 22 medals, 13 world records and the most medals at a single game. His mother, Debbie Phelps, says â€Å"â€Å"All kids can fail us at times, but if you work with them, nine times out of 10, they’ll make you proud† (Dutton). In America’s military, ADHD restricts men and women from enlisting in certain positions or duties. The enlisting policy states that the diagnosis or treatment was enough to disqualify a person from service until they could receive a special waver. However, under the new standards changed in 2004, anyone who has been treated with ADHD medication in the past year or shows â€Å"significant† evidence of ADHD symptoms is the only way they can be disqualified. Some people say that since it has not been challenged in a court of law, it is obviously not that important to the citizens of America. Even with more relax standards, the overly restrictive policy that regards ADHD medication is something that still needs to be adjusted. â€Å"An individual with ADD/ADHD who is being treated with medication is not necessarily too ADD/ADHD to be an effective soldier† (Jaska). Arguments are often made about the well-being of soldiers with ADHD who are somehow more capable then ot hers,Show MoreRelatedThe Difference of Sadness and Depression in Children Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesMost people think that sadness and depression are terms refer to the same emotional disorder level. In fact, sadness is the behavior that occurs as a result of facing some difficulties in our daily life and it is usually continues for a couple of days. While depression is a serious mental illness that happen due to the continual feeling of sadness that persist for weeks, months and even years. Depression can affect people from all ages, in 1975, the National Institute of Mental Health announced thatRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1787 Words   |  8 PagesATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Also known as: ADHD WHAT IS ADHD? ADHD is a behavioral disorder that affects about 10% of school-aged children. Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with it. Children with ADHD act without thinking, are hyperactive, and have trouble focusing. They may understand what is anticipated of them but have trouble following through because they can’t sit still, pay attention or focus on details. All children, act this way at times, particularly when theyRead MoreDropping Out Of High School2003 Words   |  9 Pagesthey do not plan to further their education and do not see a reason to finish if they do not plan to go to college. Many of these students are victims of their disease, be it substance abuse or mental health. When the disease takes over, nothing else matters, I have seen it happen many times in the few years I have lived. It is because of my own experience that I say that the three main reasons young people drop out of high school are due to psychological disorders, drug addiction, or engaging in

Juvenile Justice Free Essays

Treatment vs. Punishment There are many different types of crimes committed by juvenile delinquents in today’s society. These crimes consist of violent crimes, property crimes, forgery, fraud, vandalism as well as many others. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 2009, there were 32,638,900 youths in the United States and 1,906,600 of them were arrested for a type of crime. (Puzzanchera Adams, 2012). There are many options that the Department of Juvenile Justice System can lead towards such as punishment or treatment, but the rehabilitation depends on the juvenile at hand. Most research suggests there is a reduced recidivism amongst juveniles who receive treatment. Treatment options are the ideal way to deal with juvenile delinquency. Juvenile Delinquency The definition of juvenile delinquency is a behavior against the criminal code, committed by an individual who has not reached proper adulthood by state or federal law. (Bartol Bartol, 2011). Different states have different age of jurisdictions ranging from ages 15 through 17 which 37 states have adopted. â€Å"The age of the youth dictates whether the juvenile court or the adult court system has authority over the case. (Listwan, 2013, Sec 1. 2). For instance, if a juvenile committed a crime in Michigan at the age of 17 the jurisdiction would be in adult court system. Treatment and Punishment Concepts There is a debate on whether juvenile delinquents should be punished for their crimes, or if they should be rehabilitated for the crimes they committed. When many people look at the court system they may believe that the juvenile justice system is geared towards punishment but in the past, the juvenile justice system was geared towards rehabilitation. Historically, the juvenile justice system was oriented toward rehabilitation and care of the youth. † (Listwan, 2013, Sec 1. 3). In recent years, society is getting back to rehabilitation concepts by incorporating different treatment options whereas in the 1970’s a psychologist by the name of Robert Martinson did a study on whether or not treatment reduced recidivism rates. In his study, Martinson concluded that treatment did not lead to lower recidivism rates and stated, â€Å"Nothing works† when it came to treatment. (Listwan, 2013). Currently in the midst of juvenile delinquency, research is showing that treatment services are working by as much as 30–35 percent. (Listwan, 2013). In Australia, a study was conducted on recidivism rates for juvenile offenders and they reported that 1,500 juvenile justice clients reoffended, which was a 61 percent increase. (Day, Howells Rickwood, 2004). They were astonished by this number and began to implement rehabilitation known as a â€Å"what works† approach to offenders. â€Å"This approach can be summarized by a core set of principles of human service delivery. Collectively, these principles suggest that reductions in recidivism can be maximized when programs select appropriate candidates, target factors that directly relate to their offending, and are delivered in ways that facilitate learning. † (Day, Howells Rickwood, 2004, Para 5). This program appears to be working at the recidivism rates are decreasing. The United States is also implementing rehabilitation programs to help reduce recidivism rates. â€Å"More than 30 years of research has produced a body of evidence that clearly demonstrates that rehabilitation programs work. (Przybylski, 2008, Pg 2). Juvenile Sex Offenders and Juvenile Justice Intervention Strategy A juvenile sex offender is described as a youth who has been convicted of a sex crime which may include rape, sodomy, fondling, or other forced sexual act. (Listwan, 2013). Numerous people believe that society should throw away the key on these juvenile sex offenders. â€Å"Sex offenders are often placed on the low est rung of the criminal hierarchy— meaning that most people feel that sex offenders are the worst of the worst. † (Listwan, 2013, Sec 9. 4). In some cases, if a child does not receive the proper counseling needed, they can grow up committing the same acts of violence which were bestowed on them. For instance, â€Å"violence becomes a learned problem-solving technique transmitted from one generation to the next in a phenomenon known as the cycle of violence. † (Collica Furst, 2012, Sec 7. 1). If a youth does end up committing this act of violence, they are first adjudicated by the court system and will receive their sentencing. A judge will either send them to a treatment facility or else may send them to a detention center depending on the age of the juvenile. All judges seem to believe that family structure and prior record are almost equally important factors in determining offenders’ likelihood of rehabilitation. (D’Angelo, 2010). There are many treatment facilities which deal specifically with juvenile sex offenders. Psychologists are becoming more optimistic in the treatment of sex offenders. â€Å"First, they believe that the most effective interventions, or treatment methods, are those that follow the principles of risk, need, and responsivity (RNR). † (Bartol Bartol, 2011, Pg 403). Other treatment which appears to be successful is cognitive behavioral therapy which shapes the behavior as well as thinking pattern in offenders. This therapy teaches juveniles on their thinking pattern on some situation and how that can influence their actions in some situations. â€Å"Cognitive behavior therapy argues that maladaptive sexual behaviors are learned according to the same rules as normal sexual behavior, by means of classical and/or instrumental conditioning, modeling, reinforcement, generalization, and punishment. † (Bartol Bartol, 2011, Pg 404). A great deal of studies suggests that cognitive behavior therapy appears to be the best treatment in reducing recidivism amongst juvenile delinquents whether this include sexual offences or any other type of offences. Juveniles who complete a cognitive-behavioral program are less likely to commit sexual or any re-offenses than are juveniles who do not receive treatment, receive an alternative treatment, or do not complete treatment. (Przybylski, 2008, Pg 53). Multisystemic therapy (MST) is also a successful treatment approach for serious juvenile offenders. This therapy option addresses the cognitive and systemic factors such as family, peers, as well as school which are associated with risk factors. The juvenile, counselor as well as the family work together. In a study conducted, â€Å"The data showed that MST participants had significantly lower recidivism rates at follow-up than did those participants who received individual therapy (50% vs. 81%, respectively). Recidivism, depending on the study, refers to re-arrest, reconviction, or incarceration after an initial juvenile arrest, conviction, or incarceration. (Bartol Bartol, 2011, Pg 168). In North Carolina, there is a successful intervention program called Sexual Abuse Intervention Services. This program is located at Barium Spring. This program offers, This program offers, psychosexual evaluation (Sex Offense Specific Evaluation), in-home family therapy, weekly sex offense specific group therapy, individual therapy, individualized safety plans in the home, school and community, case management—coordinating and monitoring services, ongoing consultation with juvenile court counselors to monitor client’s reatment progress and status in the home/community, family reunification when appropriate, step-down services for clients who are transitioning back into the community from residential placement. (Foster, 2013). This program believes in treating juvenile sex offenders to reduce recidivism. The program appears to be successful for the fact that many juvenile sex offender clients at a local group home attended this program and none of them have reoffended. Unfortunately, there is no data available. Juvenile Crime Statistics Different states have different statistics on juvenile offenders. In 2009, 1,906,600 juveniles were arrested for various types of crimes in the United States. During that year, there were 722,000 youths in Arizona, 1,096,000 in Michigan, and 971,900 youths in North Carolina. (Puzzanchera, Adams, Kang, 2012). In that same year, Arizona had 52,062 juveniles arrested for various crimes; Michigan had 36,643 juvenile arrested and North Carolina had 48,634 for various crimes. Statistics indicate that in Arizona, 1,366 juveniles were arrested for violent crimes including rape, robbery and aggravated assault and 11,181 were arrested for property crimes including burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, arson as well as many others. In Michigan there were 2,136 juveniles arrested for violent crimes and 10,993 were arrested for property crimes. North Carolina statistics show that 2,483 juveniles were arrested for violent crimes and 12,766 were arrested for property crime. (Puzzanchera, Adams, Kang, 2012). The arrest rate in juveniles has steadily decreased from the 1990’s through present time in Arizona, Michigan and North Carolina. Society would agree that this decrease in crime is beneficial to every person in the community. Arizona, Michigan and North Carolina juvenile arrests consist of every race including White, Black, Indian, Asian, Hispanic, as well as many others. Not one particular race committed any acts of violence, but instead all races. For instance, in Arizona, 10,259 White juveniles committed violent crimes and 34,070 committed property crimes. ,465 Black juveniles committed violent crimes and 3,191 committed property crimes including drug charges. 5,016 Hispanic juveniles committed violent crimes and 15,388 committed property crimes. (Halliday, 2011). In Michigan, violent crime data indicates that nine Black juveniles committed murders and one White committed murder. 476 black juveniles were arrested for aggravated assault, 418 arrests for White juveniles, and 12 arrests of Hispanic juveniles. (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012). As for robbery in Michigan, 384 were Black juveniles, whereas 39 were White and six were Hispanic juveniles. Property crimes such as larceny show that 3,131 arrests were White juveniles, 2,241 arrests were Black juveniles and 151 were Hispanic juveniles. (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012). For burglary crimes, there were 630 arrests of White juveniles, 651 arrests of Black juveniles and 29 arrests of Hispanic juveniles. In North Carolina, the statistics are different than Arizona as well as Michigan. The state of North Carolina analyzes their data according to class felonies. For instance, in 2009 the juvenile arrest rate for Black juveniles with a class A-E felony which includes, murder, rape, sexual assault, manslaughter, drug crimes, sexual battery, robbery as well as others was 485 juveniles. (NCDJJ, 2010). There were 226 White juveniles convicted of a class A-E felony and 28 Hispanic. In the class F-I felony which includes property crimes, the data indicated 4,816 Black juveniles were arrested, 2,837 White juveniles were arrested as well as 1,670 Hispanics were arrested. (NCDJJ, 2010). Males along with females both account for crimes committed on adult as well as juvenile levels. Numerous people believe that males make up arrest statistics, but females contribute to these arrests. For instance, in the state of Arizona, 16,943 females were arrested in 2009. 34,659 juvenile males were arrested that same year. The female juveniles accounted for 4,611 violent crimes and 12,332 property crimes. 7,804 arrests were made for violent crimes amongst males and 26, 855 for property crimes. (Halliday, 2011). In Michigan, juvenile females accounted for 6,484 arrests in 2009. Male arrest rates were much higher at 14,814. (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012). â€Å"The number of arrests statewide decreased for both male and female juveniles between 2005 and 2009, with violent crimes by females decreasing more slightly than violent crimes by males. † (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012, Pg 43). In 2009, there were 2,734 juvenile females arrested for larceny theft as well as 2,894 juvenile males arrested for larceny theft. Unfortunately, there was no data available for juvenile gender arrests except that all arrests made were 75% male juveniles. (NCDJJ, 2010). Different states have different age ranges on who commits an act of violence. Unfortunately, not all states have data on the age ranges for youths such as Arizona. In Michigan, for instance, 86 percent of arrests for sex offences were between the ages of 13 through 16. (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012). In 2009, juveniles between the age of seven through 10, 276 were arrested which represented 1. percent of total arrests that year. (Elam, Siemon Fitzpatrick, 2012). In North Carolina, 3. 11 undisciplined rates per 1,000 between the ages of six to 17 were arrested. The delinquent Rate per 1,000 between the ages of six to 15 was 29. 14 in 2009. (NCDJJ, 2010). State Treatment Every state has different treatment options for juveniles. Most states offer teen courts for juvenile delinquents. For instance, in Arizona, â€Å"Teen Court hears the matter and determines an appropriate, constructive consequence, using established guidelines. (Starky, 2012). These constructive consequences range from community service hours, restitution, a letter of apology, counseling, tutoring, research papers, educational classes, skill-building classes, as well as a few others. Arizona also offers early intervention programs such as Court Unified Truancy Suppression Program, Families in Need of Services, Drug Diversion Program, as well as School Safety Program. The state of Michigan also tries early intervention as well as treatment programs for their juvenile delinquents. For instance, Michigan currently has three rehabilitation facilities which focus on therapy as well as specialized treatment programs. Unfortunately, Michigan cut their budget on treatment facilities from 2000 which had approximately 10 facilities. This state offers early intervention programs one in particular called Juvenile Accountability Block Grants JABG program. This programs mission is to â€Å"Reduce juvenile offending through accountability-based programs focused on juvenile offenders and the juvenile justice system. † (DHS, 2013). North Carolina also prefers treatment instead of punishment. â€Å"The Division offers services for youth by establishing and maintaining a seamless comprehensive juvenile justice system that promotes juvenile delinquency prevention, intervention and treatment. † (NCDPS, 2012). North Carolina juvenile justice system focuses to strengthen families, promote delinquency prevention, support core social institutions, intervene immediately and effectively when delinquent behavior occurs and identify and control the small group of serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders in the local communities. NCDPS, 2012). North Carolina offers many facilities for juveniles around the state and a great deal of these facilities includes crime specific treatment. When juveniles are adjudicated and once they are released they may continue on the same path and commit other crimes. Often times, juveniles will continue with this circle and end up back in juvenile detention centers or on probati on. The Arizona Department of Juvenile corrections had a 12 month recidivism rate of 34. 1percent for juveniles released during 2008. The number dropped from 2006 which indicated there was a 48 percent recidivism rate. (ADJC, 2010). In Michigan, the recidivism rate measured by a felony conviction was 22 percent at two years after release during 2004. The number dropped from the previous year at 24 percent. â€Å"Recidivism rates were higher for minority youths than for white youths. † (MDHS, 2013). In 2004 in North Carolina, the recidivism rate for juvenile delinquents was 26. 7 percent. (Beck, Calhoun, Hevener Katzenelson, 2007). Arizona appears to have the highest recidivism rate in all three states. Theories There is no exact evidence which addresses juvenile delinquency but a mixture of biological, psychological and sociological. The biological theory explains that physical attributes as well as heredity may lead a juvenile to commit crimes. â€Å"Biological explanations of behavior focus on biological properties of an individual, including the individual’s genetic background, structural damage in the brain, or the role of various chemicals in the nervous system. † (Wilson, 2012, Sec 1. 5). Heredity also plays a major role in behavior and criminal actions are believed to have run down in the family. Hereditary explanations of causation hold that criminality in some families is hereditary, and that deviance is genetically encoded in those born into the family group. † (Martin, 2005, Pg 76). Research believes that hormones may have an impact on people committing crimes such as higher testosterone. â€Å"Studies find that men with high levels of testosterone are more l ikely to be aggressive. More importantly, studies find that hormones can impact the brain, making individuals less sensitive to stimuli, so they in turn seek out more thrilling situations to stimulate their brain. (Listwan, 2013, Sec 3. 4). Another indicator could include the environment the juvenile resides. Environment can play a crucial role such a brain development, depression, anxiety, aggression as well as hyperactivity. Numerous people believe that the environment plays a significant role on behavior which can be stemmed from parents raising their children. â€Å"Criminals and delinquents are stimulated (reinforced) by their environment to continue acting out defiantly until they are punished in some manner. † (Martin, 2005, Pg 81). With this being said, when a juvenile is rewarded for their deviance, and receive no punishment or treatment for breaking the law, they will continue to do so until they are adjudicated. Psychological theory which is also the personality theory suggests that there is a relationship between crime and personality. â€Å"Juvenile delinquents and adult criminals are, according to psychoanalytic theory, persons without sufficiently developed egos and superegos. If the moralistic superego is weak, a person can easily act out on his or her primal urges without remorse (an unchecked id), and mislabel deviance as acceptable behavior. (Martin, 2005, Pg 80). Another theory under the psychological theory is the conditioning theory. This portion explains that a person’s future behavior is conditioned by his or her past experiences. The interrelationships between individuals, socioeconomic groups, social processes, and societal structures are known as the sociological theory. It is believe s that a lower living class has a higher crime rate. â€Å"The UCR shows that there is a class crime relationship, meaning crime rates are higher among those who are lower in class areas. (Listwan, 2013, Sec 3. 5). For instance, in many lower class areas, parents work to support their family, thus in return youths do not have any supervision. The youths in light of the freedom, tend to get into trouble. For instance, in Gladwin County in Michigan indicates this is the one of Michigan’s counties with the highest number of juvenile poverty rate which is over 29 percent. This county also has the state’s highest juvenile arrest rate. With this being said, socioeconomic considerations have an impact on the influences in juvenile delinquency. Treatment There are many treatment options for juveniles which have become readily available. The best type of treatment option would be early intervention. Youths should start young in learning to control their behavior as well as take responsibility for their actions. Numerous people will look at juvenile delinquents and give up on their treatment. They may think that he or she is past the point of rehabilitation. A beneficial program that parents should incorporate in their daily lives is called the Incredible Years Series (IYS) Program. This program not only works for children who display behavioral or conduct disorders, but also for other children. This program is geared towards children between the ages of two through ten. â€Å"The Incredible Years Parents, Teachers, and Children Training Series, is designed to prevent, reduce, and treat conduct problems among children ages 2 to 10 and to increase their social competence. † (Wilson, 2000, Pg 1). Some goals to reduce conduct problems in children include decreasing negative behaviors and noncompliance with parents at home, decreasing peer aggression and disruptive behaviors in the classroom. Other goals include promoting social, emotional, and academic competence in children such as increasing children’s social skills, increasing children’s understanding of feelings, increasing children’s conflict management skills and decrease negative attributions, as well as increasing academic engagement, school readiness, and cooperation with teachers. â€Å"A substantial body of research has clearly shown that young children with early-onset behavioral problems are at significantly greater risk of having severe antisocial difficulties, academic underachievement, school dropout, violence, and drug abuse in adolescence and adulthood. (Webster-Stratton Herman, 2010). With this program, all children can have a crime free future. Conclusion In conclusion, treatment options are the ideal way to deal with juvenile delinquency. There are many attributes which take place in dealing with punishment or treatment for juvenile offenders. Most research suggests that treatm ent is the best options and helps reduce recidivism rate. For juvenile sex offenders, specific treatment helps reduce the likelihood of recidivism especially with cognitive behavior therapy. There are also numerous programs such as the one in North Carolina which deals directly with juvenile sex offenders. The program has a good turn around rate with the local group home facility. Every state has different data, and while comparing this data opens a person’s eyes as to the crime rate in their community. When people observe this data it gives them an incentive to get out in the community and help these juvenile delinquents. Even though Arizona has the least amount of juvenile arrests, this state has the highest recidivism rate amongst Arizona, Michigan as well as North Carolina. When trying to pin point on why a juvenile acts out, biological, psychological and sociological theories all play a major role. The reasoning can be from heredity, personality, environment as well as socioeconomic considerations. There are many early intervention programs readily available for youths as well as juvenile delinquents which have already committed a crime. Parent should begin to take an initiative in their children life at an early age to stop the deviant behavior in the future. After all, these children are our future. References: Alexander, M. A. (1999). Sexual offender treatment efficacy revisited. Sexual Abuse: Journal OfResearch And Treatment, 11(2), 101-116. doi:10. 1007/BF02658841. Retrieved fromEBSCOhost Database. Bartol, C. R. , Bartol, A. M. (2011). Criminal behavior: A pscychological approach (9th ed. ). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN: 9780558591373 Beck, M. , Calhoun, K. , Hevener, G. , Katzenelson, S. (2007). Juvenile recidivism study. DOI: www. nccourts. org/Courts/CRS/Councils/spac/Documents Collica, K. Furst, G. (2012). Crime society. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Retrieved from Ashford Constellation. D’Angelo, J. M. (2002). Juvenile court judges’ perceptions of what factors affect juvenileoffenders’ likelihood of rehabilitation. Juvenile Family Court Journal, 53(3), 43-55. Retrieved from ProQuest Database. Day, A. , Howells, K. , Rickwood, D. (2004). Current trends in the rehabilitation of juvenileoffenders. Woden, Woden: Australian Institute of Criminology. Retrieved from ProQuestDatabase. Elam, P. , Siemon, C. , Fitzpatrick, D. (2012). Michigan’s Statewide Juvenile Arrest AnalysisReport. Retrieved from Public http://michigancommitteeonjuvenilejustice. om/sitefiles/files/Documents/2012JuvenileArrestAnalysisReportVol1. pdf Foster, J. (2013). Barium springs, giving hope to children and families. Retrieved fromhttp://www. bariumsprings. org/page. cfm? id=32 Halliday, R. (2011). Arizona department of public safety. Retrieved fromhttp://www. azdps. gov/About/Reports/docs/Crime_In_Arizona_Report_2009. pdf Listwan, S. J. (2013). Introduction to juvenile justice. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint, Education,Inc. Martin, G. (2005). Juvenile justice. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. DOI:www. sagepub. com/books/Book226433 MDHS. (2013). Juvenile accountability block grants (jabg). Retrieved fromhttp://www. michigan. gov/dhs/0,4562,7-124-5453_34044_34052-15632–,00. html NCDJJ. (2010). 2009 annual report north carolina department of juvenile justice. Retrievedfrom website:http://www. juvjus. state. nc. us/resources/pdf_documents/annual_report_2009. pdf Pullman, L. , Seto, M. C. (2012). Assessment and treatment of adolescent sexual offenders:Implications of recent research on generalist versus specialist explanations. Child Abuse Neglect, 36(3), 203-209. doi:10. 1016/j. chiabu. 2011. 11. 003. Retrieved fromEBSCOhost Database. Puzzanchera, C. nd Adams, B. (2012). Juvenile Arrests 2009. Office of Juvenile Justice andDelinquency Prevention. Retrieved from http://www. ojjdp. gov Starky, C. (2012). Teen courts: Juvenile probation. Retrieved fromhttp://www. superiorcourt. maricopa. gov/JuvenileProbation/Probation/teenCourt. asp Wilson, J. F. (2012). Introduction to biological psychology. San Diego, CA: BridgepointEdu cation, Inc. Webster-Stratton, C. , Herman, K. C. (2010). Disseminating Incredible Years Series earlyintervention programs: Integrating and sustaining services between school and home. Psychology In The Schools, 47(1), 36-54. How to cite Juvenile Justice, Papers

Economies of Latin America-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Write a report on the development path of the two countries of Latin America. Answer: Introduction Latin America is defined as the group of nations in the two continents of America, with a predominance of Portuguese and Spanish. The group consists of many countries with varying level of economic condition. Until 1980s, the economy of Latin America was mainly based on the economic policy of import substitution. This policy had helped in the growth of the domestic economy and domestic businesses. However, this policy also reduced the international competitiveness of the domestic industry and increased the debt crisis of the nations. By 1990s, the continent switched to free market economy system. This resulted in reducing the debt crisis and established the industries of agriculture, mining and forestry (Oecd.org 2015). Among the nations, Columbia and Argentina are two biggest economies in Latin America. Both the countries have demonstrated growth prospects and economic scopes. The economy of Argentina is the third largest in the Latin America and second largest in the South America. The economy is based on a rich source of natural resources, high level of literacy, export based agricultural industry and diversified industries. On the other hand, Colombia is just behind Argentina in the rank of largest economies of Latin America. This is also export based economy, petroleum being the major export product, followed by manufacturing (reports.weforum.org 2015). The investment decision on any economy depends on many factors. Majorly the macroeconomic factors of a nation influence the investment decisions. The element of political and economic uncertainties, stock of capital and other resources, income level of the country, level of liquid asset, aggregate demand, population growth, government policies, and many such economic factors determine the level of domestic and international investments in the nation. Hence, while making an investment in a nation of Latin America, the choice of the nation depends on such macro economic factors. In this case, the choice between Columbia and Argentina depends on the economic and political conditions of the countries and their growth prospects. The social factors also play a major role in investment decisions, such as, the crime rate, education level of the citizens, standard of living etc. The nations must be compared in order to take the final decision about the investments (Hatch and Howland 2015). Comparison of the countries Economy of Argentina Argentina is one of the most developed nations in the Latin America. It is a high income economy with the second position among the South American economies and third position among the Latin American economies. In 2016, the nominal GDP of Argentina was USD 545.9 billion (World Bank 2017). The major sectors contributing in the growth of the GDP are Agriculture, fishing and forestry (6%), mining (3.6%), manufacturing (17.2%), construction (5.6%), transport, utilities and communication (7.9%), government (9.5%), and business, social and other services (33.3%). The country has faced an inflation rate of 21.9% by June 2017, which is quite higher compared to the developed countries. Almost 32.2% people lives below the poverty line. The economy of Argentina is export based. In 2015, the total export of the country was $56.76 billion and the main export partners are Brazil, China and the United States. The country imported goods worth of $57.18 billion in 2015, and the major import partners were Brazil, United States, China and Germany. The key exports are petroleum, gas, corn, vehicles, wheat and soybeans, and the imported products are machinery, motor vehicles, organic chemicals, plastics, petroleum and natural gas (Arboleda and Gonzalez 2016). Economy of Colombia Colombia is another largest economy of South as well as Latin America. In 2016, the nominal GDP of Colombia was 282.5 billion USD (World Bank 2017). The level of inflation is 4.77% in 2017, which is at a moderate level and less than that in Argentina. The major sectors are textiles, oil, food processing, chemicals, clothing, footwear, cement, coal, gold, emeralds, home appliance, electronics, and shipbuilding. The country exported goods worth of $55 billion in 2014, and imported goods of $53.8 billion. The main export goods are petroleum, coal, nickel, apparel, televisions, smartphones, computers, steel, chemicals, emeralds, bananas, apparels etc. and import products are industrial equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity and transportation equipment. The key trade partners are United States, Canada, EU, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Netherlands, China, Mexico, Brazil, and Germany (Tabares, Alvarez and Urbano 2015). GDP comparison of the two countries Figure 1: GDP comparison of the two countries, 2005-2016 (Source: World Bank 2017) The graph above depicts the growth of economies of the two countries in the past decades. It can be seen that, both the economies grew significantly, especially 2010 onwards; however, the level of growth of Argentina was higher than that of Colombia. Competitive advantage Competitiveness of a nation is dependent on the capacity of the industries to upgrade and innovate, and the companies gain the advantages against the competitors due to challenge and pressure. Over time, the competition has shifted more towards creation, innovation and assimilation of the knowledge. Thus, competitive advantage is generated and sustained through a localized process. Countries gain competitive advantage in some industries, in which they can create specialization. Hence, a nation cannot be competitive in all industries. In the industries, where the nation can produce most efficiently and at lower cost than the competitors, competitiveness is gained (Wagner III and Hollenbeck 2014). Global Competitive Index (GCI) measures the effect of the primary factors, contributing to the conditions for competitiveness of a nation, with a specific focus on the macroeconomic environment, institutional qualities, supporting infrastructure and technology (Huggins et al. 2014). According to WEF Global Competitive Index of 2016-17, Argentina holds 104th position, and Colombia holds 61st position. In the list of 2015-16, Colombia was in the same position, while Argentina was at 106th position. Thus, from 2015 to 2016, Argentina has improved its competitive advantage compared to Colombia (WEF 2017). If the exports and imports of the countries are analyzed, then the areas of competitive advantage can be understood. WEF has defined competitiveness as a set of policies, institutions, and elements determining the productivity of a nation. This in turn determines the rate of return on the investments in the economy. Investments drive the growth rate of a country, and a competitive economy draws more investments and grows faster. The 12 pillars of competitiveness are, Institutions, Infrastructure, Macroeconomic environment, Health and Primary education, Higher education and training, Goods market efficiency, Labor market efficiency, financial market development, Technological readiness, Market size, Business Sophistication, and Innovation (reports.weforum.org 2015). WEF also defined five stages of development and weighted index for measuring the growth and competitive advantage position of the countries, based on the 12 pillars. The stages are classified on the basis of the nature of growth. In stage 1, the growth is mainly factor driven and the nations compete on the basis of factor endowments. In Stage 2, growth is efficiency driven and in Stage 3, the growth is innovation driven. There are two transition stages in between these 3 stages. The classification of the countries happens on the basis of two conditions. Firstly, level of per capita GDP at the market exchange rate and secondly, the dependence on the resource sector than on the income (Gaportal.org 2017). According to those stages, Colombia is in stage 2, which is efficiency driven, and Argentina is in the transition phase from stage 2 to stage 3, where stage 3 denotes the phase that is innovation driven. Hence, it can be said that, Colombias growth is dependent on the efficiency of the factors and resources, while Argentina is slightly more developed than Colombia. Its growth is generated from transition of resources being efficient and moving towards being innovative. However, the GCI ranking and score is better for Colombia than for Argentina due to various government policies to improve competitiveness (WEF 2017). The sub-indexes of GCI are Basic Requirements, Efficiency Enhancers and Innovation and Sophistication factors. The GCI table also comprises of Rank and Score of the nations. In the 2016-17 Global Competitiveness Report by WEF, Argentina scored 3.81 out of 7. The average score of the nation was 3.87 from 2007 to 2017 (Tradingeconomics.com 2017). In 2016, Argentina went up the rank by two positions. This is driven by innovation and sophistication elements, which reflect better preparedness of the nation to adapt to the changing environment. The institutions quality improved due to better protection of the intellectual property and more efficient jurisdiction. The education quality and efficiency of the goods market reflect signs of development. The improvement in both the score and rank came after the new administration implemented broad economic and social reforms in an adverse macroeconomic context, that is, Brazils recession. Brazil is the main trading partner of Argentina, and low commodity prices, high inflation, and adjustments in utility tariffs have created difficulties for the transition to flow towards a market oriented model. However, growth is expected to come along due to competitive reforms, although consumer sentiment is weak (weforum.org 2016). In 2016-17, Colombia ranked 61 and scored 4.30 out of 7 in the Global Competitiveness Report by WEF (Tradingeconomics.com 2017). For the last 20 years, Colombia has worked on improving its competitiveness in the international market by implementing some reforms for consolidating the National System of Competitiveness, Technology, Innovation and Science. This has solidified the institutional framework for achieving private-public collaboration, required to develop the National Agenda and to strengthen the regions (Oecd.org 2015). With this institution, the system of innovation has made the competitiveness of the nation more efficient. All these systems worked separately and created impediments for the coordination between the competitiveness and science, technology and innovation (Williamson et al. 2013). Hence, the competitive strategies remained independent nationally as well as regionally. The new government has promoted the integration of all these factors into a single factor for competitiveness. Thus, not only competitiveness is achieved over the years, but other factors are improved also. At the same time, the government established many new departmental committees to promote the agendas for regional competitiveness, productivity, science, technology and innovation agendas, along with the national agendas (Harzing and Giroud 2015). Recommendations It can be recommended that, investment have better scopes of return in Colombia than in Argentina. Colombia is more developed technologically, with the establishment of National System of Competitiveness, Science, Technology and Innovation. The exports of Colombia also reflect these changes, while Argentina still depends on agricultural and mining. Hence, in relation to the 12 pillars of competitiveness, framed by WEF, Colombia has achieved the maximum success in the past few years. The government is actively involved in the process of improving the competitiveness of the nation; thereby committees are created for specific purposes (Galindo and Melndez 2013). Hence, the political, social and economic conditions of Colombia are favorable for investments. Conclusion Latin America has also suffered from the ill effects of global financial crisis. The export values dropped, creating economic crisis for the export based nations, such as, Argentina and Columbia. However, with time, Colombia has recovered from the shocks and increased its competitiveness than Argentina, another major economy of the Latin America. By observing at the economic, social and political conditions of the countries and evaluating their competitiveness based on the 12 pillars and stages of development, it can be said that, investments in Colombia would bring more positive impact than in Argentina. Although, Argentina have come up in the ranking list in the last year, and Colombia remained at same position, yet, the rank and score of Colombia is much higher than Argentina. Hence, investment in Colombia is more profitable as the nation is more competitive, especially in the field of technology and innovation, than Argentina References Arboleda, A.M. and Gonzalez, J.F., 2016. Creating a Competitive Advantage: The Exoticism of Tango and Salsa From Cali, Colombia.International Journal of Arts Management,19(1), p.42. Galindo, A.J. and Melndez, M., 2013. Small Is Not Beautiful: Firm-Level Evidence of the Link between Credit, Firm Size and Competitiveness in Colombia. Gaportal.org, 2017.Global Competitiveness Index. [online] Gaportal.org. Available at: https://www.gaportal.org/global-indicators/global-competitiveness-index [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. Harzing, A.W. and Giroud, A., 2014. The competitive advantage of nations: An application to academia.Journal of Informetrics,8(1), pp.29-42. Hatch, N.W. and Howland, C., 2015, January. When Does Competitive Advantage Improve Customer Welfare?. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 18091). Academy of Management. Huggins, R., Izushi, H., Prokop, D. and Thompson, P., 2014.The global competitiveness of regions(Vol. 75). Routledge. Oecd.org, 2015.Trade and Competitiveness in Argentina, Brazil and Chile: Competition policies and competitiveness - A view from the literature and the case of Argentina. [online] Oecd.org. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/brazil/tradeandcompetitivenessinargentinabrazilandchilecompetitionpoliciesandcompetitiveness-aviewfromtheliteratureandthecaseofargentina.htm [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. reports.weforum.org, 2015.Competitiveness Methodology. [online] Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015. Available at: https://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015/methodology/ [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. Siegel, J.I., Pyun, L. and Cheon, B.Y., 2014. Multinational firms, labor market discrimination, and the capture of competitive advantage by exploiting the social divide. Tabares, A., Alvarez, C. and Urbano, D., 2015. Born globals from the resource-based theory: A case study in Colombia.Journal of technology management innovation,10(2), pp.155-165. Tradingeconomics.com, 2017.Argentina Competitiveness Index. [online] Tradingeconomics.com. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/argentina/competitiveness-index [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. Tradingeconomics.com, 2017.Colombia Competitiveness Index. [online] Tradingeconomics.com. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/colombia/competitiveness-index [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. WEF, 2017.The Global Competitiveness Report 20162017. weforum.org, 2016.How can Colombia become more competitive?. [online] World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/06/how-colombia-has-become-more-competitive/ [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017]. Williamson, P.J., Ramamurti, R., Fleury, A. and Fleury, M.T.L. eds., 2013.The competitive advantage of emerging market multinationals. Cambridge University Press. World Bank, 2017. [online] Data.worldbank.org. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/ [Accessed 7 Oct. 2017].

Math Equations free essay sample

This paper will show two mathematical problems, the first is â€Å"To estimate the size of the bear population on the Keweenaw Peninsula, conservationists captured, tagged, and released 50 bears. One year later, a random sample of 100 bears included only 2 tagged bears. What is the conservationists estimate of the size of the bear population? † (Dugopolski, 2013, pp. 37, probem 56). The second will be to complete problem 10 on page 444 of Elementary and Intermediate Algebra. Here all steps in solving the problem will be explained step by step. The first problem is to estimate the size of the bear population located on the Keweenaw Peninsula conservation. In reading over the â€Å"Bear Population† method #56 on page 437you will notice we are to assume that the ratio of originally tagged bears to the whole population is equal to the ratio of recaptured bears to the size of the sample. The ratio of the originally tagged bears to the whole population is 2100 The ration of the recaptured tagged bears to the sample size is 50x 2100=50x Since x is on the right-hand side of the equation, we need to switch the sides so it is on the left-hand side. We will write a custom essay sample on Math Equations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 50x=2100 This is the proportion set up and ready to solve. I will cross multiply setting the extremes equal to the means. 100(50) = 2x Here 100 and 50 are the extreme, while x and 2 are the means. 0002=22 Next we must divide each term in the equation by 2. X=50002 Cancel out the common factor X=2500 The bear population in Keweenaw Peninsula is estimated to be around 2500. For the second problem in this assignment I am asked to solve this equation for y. The first thing I notice is that it is a single fraction (ratio) on both sides of the equal sign so basically it is a proportion which can be solved by cross multiplying the extremes and means. y-1)=-34*((x+3))Multiply both sides of the equation by (x+3) (y-1)=-34*(x+3)Remove the extra parentheses (y-1) = -3(x+3)4Multiply the rational expressions to get 3(x+3)4 y-1= -3(x+3)4Remove the parentheses around the expression y-1 Since -1 does not contain the variable solve for, move it to the right-hand side of the equation by adding 1 to both sides. y=1 *44 3(x+3)4Multiply each term by a factor of 1 that will equate all the denominators. In this case, all terms need a denominator of 4. = 14 (-1*4) 3(x+3)4Multiply the expression by a factor of 1 to create the least common denominator (LCD) of 4. y= 44 3(x+3)4 Multiply 1 by 4 to get 4. y = 4-3(x+3)4 The numerators of expressions that have equal denominators can be combined. In this case, (4)4 and 3(x+3)4 have the same denominator of 4, so the numerators can be combined. y = 4-3 (x+3)4 Remove the parentheses around the expression 4. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by each term inside the parentheses (x-3). = 4-3 *x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by the x inside the parentheses. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by x to get – 3x. y = 4-3 x-3* 34 Multiply -3 by the 3 inside the parentheses. y = 14 (4-3x-9) Multiply -3 by 3 to get -9. y = 14 (-5 -3x) Subtract 9 from 4 to get -5 y = 14 (-3x -5) Reorder the polynomial -5 -3x alphabetically from left to right, starting with the highest order term. y = 14 (-3x-5)Simplify the right-hand side of the equation. Here I have notice that the solution for y = 14 (-3x-5) but the equation for x is different and x as a rational expression is (y-1)  · 4=-3  · (x+3) which is solved by which is solved by a ration. Simplify the equation for x = 4y3 53 . Another thing I have learned is if you go from x = y to x^2 = y^2 you have introduced the extraneous root. References: Dugopolski, M. (2013). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra, 4th Ed. New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Math Equations free essay sample This paper will show two mathematical problems, the first is â€Å"To estimate the size of the bear population on the Keweenaw Peninsula, conservationists captured, tagged, and released 50 bears. One year later, a random sample of 100 bears included only 2 tagged bears. What is the conservationists estimate of the size of the bear population? † (Dugopolski, 2013, pp. 37, probem 56). The second will be to complete problem 10 on page 444 of Elementary and Intermediate Algebra. Here all steps in solving the problem will be explained step by step. The first problem is to estimate the size of the bear population located on the Keweenaw Peninsula conservation. In reading over the â€Å"Bear Population† method #56 on page 437you will notice we are to assume that the ratio of originally tagged bears to the whole population is equal to the ratio of recaptured bears to the size of the sample. The ratio of the originally tagged bears to the whole population is 2100 The ration of the recaptured tagged bears to the sample size is 50x 2100=50x Since x is on the right-hand side of the equation, we need to switch the sides so it is on the left-hand side. We will write a custom essay sample on Math Equations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 50x=2100 This is the proportion set up and ready to solve. I will cross multiply setting the extremes equal to the means. 100(50) = 2x Here 100 and 50 are the extreme, while x and 2 are the means. 0002=22 Next we must divide each term in the equation by 2. X=50002 Cancel out the common factor X=2500 The bear population in Keweenaw Peninsula is estimated to be around 2500. For the second problem in this assignment I am asked to solve this equation for y. The first thing I notice is that it is a single fraction (ratio) on both sides of the equal sign so basically it is a proportion which can be solved by cross multiplying the extremes and means. y-1)=-34*((x+3))Multiply both sides of the equation by (x+3) (y-1)=-34*(x+3)Remove the extra parentheses (y-1) = -3(x+3)4Multiply the rational expressions to get 3(x+3)4 y-1= -3(x+3)4Remove the parentheses around the expression y-1 Since -1 does not contain the variable solve for, move it to the right-hand side of the equation by adding 1 to both sides. y=1 *44 3(x+3)4Multiply each term by a factor of 1 that will equate all the denominators. In this case, all terms need a denominator of 4. = 14 (-1*4) 3(x+3)4Multiply the expression by a factor of 1 to create the least common denominator (LCD) of 4. y= 44 3(x+3)4 Multiply 1 by 4 to get 4. y = 4-3(x+3)4 The numerators of expressions that have equal denominators can be combined. In this case, (4)4 and 3(x+3)4 have the same denominator of 4, so the numerators can be combined. y = 4-3 (x+3)4 Remove the parentheses around the expression 4. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by each term inside the parentheses (x-3). = 4-3 *x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by the x inside the parentheses. y = 4-3 x-3 (3)4 Multiply -3 by x to get – 3x. y = 4-3 x-3* 34 Multiply -3 by the 3 inside the parentheses. y = 14 (4-3x-9) Multiply -3 by 3 to get -9. y = 14 (-5 -3x) Subtract 9 from 4 to get -5 y = 14 (-3x -5) Reorder the polynomial -5 -3x alphabetically from left to right, starting with the highest order term. y = 14 (-3x-5)Simplify the right-hand side of the equation. Here I have notice that the solution for y = 14 (-3x-5) but the equation for x is different and x as a rational expression is (y-1)  · 4=-3  · (x+3) which is solved by which is solved by a ration. Simplify the equation for x = 4y3 53 . Another thing I have learned is if you go from x = y to x^2 = y^2 you have introduced the extraneous root. References: Dugopolski, M. (2013). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra, 4th Ed. New York, NY.

Character Analysis Essay

Character Analysis Essay Character Analysis Essay Dee Self identity has been a prevalent issue within the African American culture since it was stripped from our ancestors decades ago. It has and still is common for African Americans to delve back into the past to gain understanding about their history, heritage, and culture. In Alice Walker’s, â€Å"Everyday Use† utilizes the accounts of the protagonist Dee while she searches for personal meaning and a stronger sense of self. In contrast to her sister Maggie, a round character that transforms from a shy and timid girl to a confident and comfortable young woman, Dee is portrayed as a flat character whom seeks self growth but falls flat and remains selfish, ignorant, and with a false definition of the African American identity. Born and raised in a poverty stricken home in the South Dee wants nothing more than to escape her â€Å"hard† life where she lived with her mother and sister. Anxious to get away Dee is more than happy to go to college when the community and Church raised money to send her to Augusta for schooling. Dee always saw herself above her family and looked down upon them as she, â€Å"read to us [her mother and Maggie] without pity. . . [we were] sitting trapped and ignorant underneath her voice. . .Dee wanted nice things. . . and was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts† (217). Dee has never been grateful for what she has and was eager to Turner 2 leave, leave behind her family, her town, and everything she knew in order to escape the place she saw no future for herself in. Dee’s hope for self growth is misguided she views life through such a narrow minded looking glass her that chances of growth are little to none. Dee returns home with the same mindset that she is still above everyone and the fact that she is educated and â€Å"in touch† with her heritage only makes her better. Hopeful for a change in attitude upon Dee’s arrival home, Maggie and her mama’s dreams are short lived. Dee steps out of the car over dressed in bright colors with several noise making bracelets and introduces herself as, â€Å"Wangero Leewankia Kemanjo!† (219) because she, â€Å". . . couldn’t bear . . .being named after the people who oppress [her]† (220). Her mother attempts to explain that her name itself holds history and meaning as she was named after her several generations of strong Afr ican American woman that formed the building blocks for the family. Dee no longer see’s her Maggie and her mother as family but as oppressed and uneducated people with no understanding of who they are or where they come from, however it is Dee that believes she has found a new light when in reality her conformist thought process shows blatant ignorance toward her very own family history. Dee continues her charades as she bounces through the house picking up multiple items that hold sentimental value and

Analysis of Sherman Alexies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven and Smoke Signals

Analysis movies and books by Sherman Alexei's Lonely Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven and Smoke Signal based on his short stories written for his movies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven are all Indian Describes the issues that must be addressed and how they deal with this book is much more complicated than a movie and shows more characters in different circumstances. In the movie, hero Victor is trying to be a typical Indian, or just a typical person. Sherman Alexie is based on his collection The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven's storytelling selection. The title and title of Smoke Signals are about the mainstream culture. Stereotype and prejudice about indigenous culture How did Alexis launch these stereotypes in his writings? †¢ Point out the standard scripting conventions used in text. Students can tell stories they learned (short stories, novels collections etc) or their stories and write it as a script You can extend this activity by creating a st oryboard to fit your script I will. Students can apply standard scripting conventions correctly - combining visual components and devices to enhance meaning and effect - to show understanding of forms (eg, conversation or narration to emphasize dictation) ) Analysis movies and books by Sherman Alexei's Lonely Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven and Smoke Signal based on his short stories written for his movies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven are all Indian Describes the issues that must be addressed and how they deal with this book is much more complicated than a movie and shows more characters in different circumstances. In the movie, hero Victor is trying to be a typical Indian, or just a typical person. Abstract: Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven is a collection of 1993 short stories by Sherman Alexie. The letters and stories in the book, in particular This is the meaning of Phoenix, Arizona provides the basis for Alexis' movie 'Smoke Signal'. Lone Ranger a nd Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, published by Atlantic Monthly Press in 1993, is a revolutionary book by Sherman Aleksey. This work is composed of 22 interrelated stories and is often expressed as a collection of short stories by critics, but some people think that they have a new function similar to Love Medicine by Louise Erdrich. The central figures of this book, Victor Joseph and Thomas Builds - The - Fire, are two young Indians living in the Spokane Indian Settlement, telling the relationship with their families and other residents. , Wishes and history.

Toyota Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Toyota - Essay Example This paper seeks to explain and illustrate the Toyota’s corporate responsibility to its consumers, environment, employees, stakeholders, and to the general public. This will be done through looking into the company’s corporate responsibility page and showing examples of how this company helps others. According to the Toyota’s corporate responsibility page, the company embraces corporate social responsibility initiatives; this includes information regarding policies, people and organizations that are related to the corporate social responsibility of Toyota Company. Toyota Company engages and promotes both with their partners and individually social contribution events and activities that aid in strengthening communities and contribute to supporting and enrichment of the society. In addition, Toyota embraces environmental responsibility. For example, everything from the basic stance of Toyota Company to its specific initiatives is put in place to make the environme nt better. In-depth annual environmental activities coverage is part of Toyota’s social and environmental initiatives. Toyota Company has been in support of SOS children villages’ mission to provide safe homes to thousands of children orphaned in the country. Toyota has also been a pivotal partner in the progressive development of the SOS children village from 2010 as a major part of the company’s corporate social responsibility program. Toyota Company has also made contributions to Mater Heart Run in 2012. This is the company’s fifth year in sponsoring a noble program aimed at helping children from poor families who are unable to afford the expenses of cardiac surgery. In other cases involving Toyota and its customers, the company’s public relations department helps the consumers to their satisfaction in case of crisis. Toyota also remains socially responsible and solves its customer related issues. For example, The Toyota’s public relation department has the mandate to handles customer complaints and grievances. When there was a Toyota Acceleration case crisis, Toyota tried to deny the existing problem and responded very slowly to the crisis. The Toyota Company had realized the problem much earlier but responded late. The public relations department of the distressed company could calm customers down neither. Toyota however never complied with the law and failed to notify the authorities of the technical problem. This led to the failure of Toyota failed in rectifying the manufacturing problem; thus, failed to restore its image as a customer safety oriented company (Rothaermel, 2013). Those held accountable for the crisis was the board for miscommunication and focusing on varying values and goals. The Japanese managers who failed to make quick decisions and confined information to them. However, after the crisis, Toyota initiated an effective way to manage the aftermath. It changed its motto and issued 4 letters to th e public apologizing for the problem within a span of one month. These effectively calm the customers down as they felt considered and understood. After the apology went through, Mr. Toyoda managed to resume the management of the company in order to show a refocus on the strategy and values of the company. Mr. Toyoda committed his personal time in his testimony to the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government reforms. The management of

Is the Philippines Truly Free

Is the Philippines Truly Free Essay In terms of fashion, culture and economy, however, we cannot say the same. The Filipinos still suffer from colonial mentality. Music, fashion, customs and tradition and products of foreign countries, especially the so-called stateside, are still being patronized by most Filipinos, especially the youth who unabashedly mimic foreign singers, artists, including their lifestyles not minding to spend lots of money just to be â€Å"in† with these foreign idols. Thousands of Pinoys are also dying to migrate to other countries. As a member of the Filipino youth of today I believe that I can somehow make the Philippines truly free by reversing the above negative attitudes. First, I will start from myself. I will think, talk and act like a true Filipino. I will live by the Filipino values like being polite and courteous, using â€Å"po†, â€Å"opo†, respect my parents, the elders and be fair to all. I will patronize Filipino made products so we can save the dollars of our country. I will visit and encourage visit to the local tourist spots. I shall lead by example by taking care of the environment. I will recycle plastics and use biodegradable trash as organic fertilizer. By doing so, we can boost our country’s economy and awaken the sense of nationalism in each and every Filipino. Not only will our country be appreciated by our fellow Filipinos, but also by foreigners locally and internationally. Lastly, I will keep myself informed of the current social and national issues so I can express my views thereon. I will encourage the youth to do the same so we can preserve the democracy in our country alive and help it move forward.

Existentialism in Catcher in the Rye Essays -- Catcher Rye Essays

Existentialism in Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye creates an existentialist out of Holden Caulfield by giving him a strong personal opinion, a different sense of view, and isolation. Holden's individuality and his different way of thinking creates within him an Existentialist that refuses to accept weakness but holds sympathy for the weak and vulnerable. The basis for these beliefs lies within the most commonly identifiable theme of existentialism, which states that the philosophy stresses the concrete individual existence along with the individual freedom and choice. It also stands on the idea of moral individualism, in which one must choose his own way without the aid of universal, objective standards. His views also coincide with those of many famous people who have shared the same ideas, including Pascal, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche. The Catcher in the Rye demonstrates existentialism by having the main character, Holden Caulfield, isolate himself from a world full of "p...

Common Sentence Error

Common Sentence-level Errors The Run-On, The Comma Splice, The Fragment RUN-ON A run-on or fused sentence is two independent clauses that are not separated by any punctuation. Run-on:  Ã‚   Wearing a seatbelt is not just a good idea it's the law. Revision:   Wearing a seatbelt is not just a good idea; it's the law. Even if one or both of the fused sentences contain internal punctuation, the sentence is still a run-on. COMMA SPLICE A comma splice is the unjustifiable use of only a comma to combine two separate sentences. One should use either a period, a semicolon, or a coordinating conjunction and a comma to separate the two statements. ) Comma splice:   Wearing a seatbelt is not just a good idea, it's the law. Revision:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wearing a seatbelt is not just a good idea; it's the law. =========================================== Both run-on sentences and comma splices may be corrected in any of the following ways: Run-on:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tevon won the award he had the highest score. Comma splice:   Tevon won the award, he had the highest score. 1. Separate the sentences with a period. Tevon won the award. He had the highest score. 2. Separate the sentences with a comma and a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so). o Tevon won the award, for he had the highest score. 3. Separate the sentences with a semicolon. o Tevon won the award; he had the highest score. If a conjunctive adverb like therefore, however, then, or consequently separates the two sentences, use a semicolon also. o I was unwilling to testify; however, I did it anyway. 4. Separate the sentences with a subordinating conjunction such as although, because, since, or if. Tevon won the award because he had the highest score. Page 2 SENTENCE FRAGMENT A fragment is an incomplete construction which may or may not have a subject and a verb. Specifically, a fragment is a group of words pretending to be a sentence. That gr oup of words may be — A phrase — A dependent Clause ——————————————————————— Fragment:  Ã‚   Traffic was stalled for ten miles on the freeway. Because repairs were being made on potholes. Revision:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Traffic was stalled for ten miles on the freeway because repairs were being made on potholes. ———————————————————————– Fragment:  Ã‚   It was an excellent movie; one that was nominated for an Oscar. Fragment:  Ã‚   It was an excellent movie. One that was nominated for an Oscar. Revision:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was an excellent movie, one that was nominated for an Oscar. ————————â €”———————————————- Fragment:  Ã‚   Prospectors invaded the newly discovered territory. Some in wagons, some on horseback, and a few in heavily laden canoes.Fragment:  Ã‚   Prospectors invaded the newly discovered territory; some in wagons, some on horseback, and a few in heavily laden canoes. Revision:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prospectors invaded the newly discovered territory, some in wagons, some on horseback, and a few in heavily laden canoes. NOTE: The above explanations coincide very well with Bedford’s explanations in Chapters 19 and 20. Please use this handout along with the above chapters in your Bedford Handbook as guides in studying for the quizzes and in eliminating fragments, run-ons, and comma splices from your sentences.

Avion, Inc. Case Essay

What parts of the supply chain are most closely involved with the situation in this case? What is the responsibility of each part in order to maintain a smooth flow of material? They are Foster Technologies as the supplier, and Avion, Inc. as the buyer. To maintain a smooth flow of material, it is the supplier’s responsibility to comply with the buyer’s requirements and standards, and provide the correct quality and quantity of product and service in a timely manner. On the buyer’s end, responsibilities include: to work internally within organization to determine organizational needs, to develop requirements and standards for the supplier, to select the right supplier, to comply with the supplier’s requirements (making on-time payment etc.), and to overlook the supplier’s performance. What initially appears to be the problem? What really is the problem(s) in this case? The problem initially appears to be lacking of material quality and delayed delivery caused by the poor performance and communication from the supplier, Foster Technologies. The real problem in this case is caused by extremely poor planning, ineffective communication, lack of alternative supplier sources and unsuitable organizational structure within Avion, Inc. How easy is it to switch suppliers? What could complicate a firm’s ability to with to a new supplier? It is not easy to switch supplier at all, especially when a firm has never prepared any alternatives/candidate suppliers. Depending on the type and quantity of products needed, and required delivery time, it might be less easy for a firm to switch. For example, time constraint and/or large demand will significantly narrow down possible suppliers to switch to; and a special product that requires customized machinery or tools in the production process, will also complicate the switch. What does it mean to get to the root cause of a problem? It means to not only to fix the problem at the moment, but also to develop a solution and strategy to prevent the problem in a long run. For this case in particular, it could mean a redesign of the organizational structure of Avion, Inc., changing management and consolidating procurement, production and materials management teams. What does it mean to be a good customer? Why does a buying firm want to be perceived by a supplier as a good  customer? Provide specific examples of what a firm must do to be a good supply chain customer. I think a good customer gives clear and consistent instructions and expectations of the products and service receiving, is active in communicating with the supplier to ensure accurate delivery of the instructions, and comply with the supplier’s requirements. Between suppliers and buyers, credibility goes both ways. Like discussed in class, it is not buyers’ world anymore. There is no longer only competition between suppliers, but also between buyers as well. To be a good supply chain customer, a firm must be making payment on-time and meet any other requirements of the supplier, convey the firm’s wants and needs clearly and consistently to the supplier, and perform measurements on supplier’s performance and maintain an open and consistent communication. Explain the role of performance measurement in managing supply chain activities. Performance measurement in managing supply chain activities is extremely important. 1. The results are fact-based rather than subjective. They are clear and quantifiable, which means they are easy to follow, to evaluate upon, to communicate, and to support an objective decision making. 2. When suppliers know that they are monitored, and what they are monitored upon, it can help them to make better performance. 3. The results can easily be used to compare performance of suppliers. Why can changes within a supply chain disrupt the normal flow of goods and services within a supply chain? Organizations within a supply chain are linked together, and a supply chain is composed of interrelated activities. Goods and service, finance, and information flow in a set direction and sequence. Each step is necessary for the next step to happen. Therefore, any change within a supply chain can affect the normal flow of goods and services. Why might Avion want to reduce the lead times on its purchased materials and components? I think one reason is to reduced the time of cash invested in purchased materials and components, hence to increase Avion’s cash flow. Just as they are a customer to Foster Technologies, there must be customers on the other end of Avion, Inc. that might be demanding after delivery. Why do firms single-source contracts? Single-source contracts can be cost effective. It will be lower cost to  source a high volume of supply from one vendor, rather than source less volume from several vendors. Another benefit of single-source is that, it is easier and requires less resources in maintaining a relationship with a vendor. I assume firms that choose to single-source contracts are usually smaller in size, and they use this way to be conserve resources. Develop an action plan for Avion that addresses the issues presented in this case. Be prepared to fully explain your recommendations. 1. Susan Dey should work with Avion’s production group regarding monthly projected volumes, delivery time frame, and requirements about altering final material release quantities. 2. Bill Mifflin should begin identifying alternative suppliers, in case contract with Foster does not continue. 3. Kevin O’Donnell should work with Foster’s production manager, firstly, to establish a sincere communication; secondly, address issues written in the memos and letters from the production manager and seek solutions; thirdly, discuss about next step to take and future production volume. 4. Avion, Inc. should redesign management and structure within its organization, to prevent similar problems in the future.

Free Essays on Haverford Essay

A creek is no place for shoes. I think it’s unreasonable to ask children to keep their shoes on in such a place. My bare feet were always covered with calluses from walking down the rough pavement of Roundhill Road and around the corner, past the tall oaks, but not as far as the Zimmermans squeaky old swing-set. It was hard to see from the road, and as far as I could tell, nobody ever went there, except for me. Large pines nearby stood tall and erect, looking down at the ripples and currents that nudged each other about playfully, like children in the back seat of a car on a long drive. Stones and pebbles lined the shallow bottom and allowed the water to glide in creative patterns over their smooth surfaces. Larger, moss covered rocks dotted the back and provided ideal spots for a child to sit around watch and wonder. The creek taught me things; it was my mentor. Once I discovered tadpoles in several of the many eddies and stagnant pools that lined the small rivulet. A cupped hand and a cleaned-out mayonnaise jar aided me in clumsily scooped up some of the more slothful individuals. With muddy hands and knees, I set them on the kitchen table and watched them on a daily basis as they developed into tiny frogs. I was fascinated by what was taking place before my eyes, but new questions constantly puzzled me. Dad was usually responsible for assuaging these curiosities. He told me about different kinds of metamorphosis and how other creatures lived in the water that I couldn’t see without a fancy magnifying glass. By the creek, my mind was free to wonder. I remember sitting on a mossy rock and watching birds; I used to pretend I was one. As my body lay still, my imagination would take flight. High above, looking down on this stream from the pale blue heavens, the wind whistled over my face and the sun warmed my body. When my eyes flickered open, the image was lost and it was usually time to go home. Nevertheless I tried , nestled... Free Essays on Haverford Essay Free Essays on Haverford Essay A creek is no place for shoes. I think it’s unreasonable to ask children to keep their shoes on in such a place. My bare feet were always covered with calluses from walking down the rough pavement of Roundhill Road and around the corner, past the tall oaks, but not as far as the Zimmermans squeaky old swing-set. It was hard to see from the road, and as far as I could tell, nobody ever went there, except for me. Large pines nearby stood tall and erect, looking down at the ripples and currents that nudged each other about playfully, like children in the back seat of a car on a long drive. Stones and pebbles lined the shallow bottom and allowed the water to glide in creative patterns over their smooth surfaces. Larger, moss covered rocks dotted the back and provided ideal spots for a child to sit around watch and wonder. The creek taught me things; it was my mentor. Once I discovered tadpoles in several of the many eddies and stagnant pools that lined the small rivulet. A cupped hand and a cleaned-out mayonnaise jar aided me in clumsily scooped up some of the more slothful individuals. With muddy hands and knees, I set them on the kitchen table and watched them on a daily basis as they developed into tiny frogs. I was fascinated by what was taking place before my eyes, but new questions constantly puzzled me. Dad was usually responsible for assuaging these curiosities. He told me about different kinds of metamorphosis and how other creatures lived in the water that I couldn’t see without a fancy magnifying glass. By the creek, my mind was free to wonder. I remember sitting on a mossy rock and watching birds; I used to pretend I was one. As my body lay still, my imagination would take flight. High above, looking down on this stream from the pale blue heavens, the wind whistled over my face and the sun warmed my body. When my eyes flickered open, the image was lost and it was usually time to go home. Nevertheless I tried , nestled...

No Child Left Behind Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No Child Left Behind Act - Research Paper Example The assessment of the basic skills of the students as well as national achievement standard is the highlight of the act. "No Child Left Behind (NCLB) emphasizes standardized testing to measure improvements in reading, math and the sciences. It consists of four general principles: teacher quality, student testing, scientifically based research and public school choice." (Background: No Child Left Behind). Therefore, the NCLB has been an essential step in elevating the performance of American schools and student with federal oversight and strict penalties for poor performance. The act sets standards by each individual state, rather than a national achievement standard and takes steps in improving the quality of education. According to the educational practitioners, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) law has had a sweeping impact on U.S. public school classrooms. "It affects what students are taught, the tests they take, the training of their teachers and the way money is spent on educatio n." (What the No Child Left Behind Law Means for Your Child). In conclusion, the No Child Left Behind Law has been a fundamental development in the educational spectrum of the US and it aims at the overall improvement of the quality of education in the nation.

The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci - Essay Example The mural painting, â€Å"The Last Supper,† is a breathtaking masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci depicting the figure of Jesus Christ sitting at the center of a long table, surrounded by his Apostles. It shows the last days of Jesus during which he was to reveal the betrayal of one of his Apostles The painting was commissioned by Duke Ludovico Sforza for the dining hall of Santa Maria delle Grazie, in Milan, Italy. Da Vinci worked on this painting for three years, from 1495-1498 and applied a new technique called tempera instead of using the expected fresco method (Ladwein 2006). Due to this, the painting has seen a lot of destruction over the years and has needed a lot of care and retouching to maintain some of its originality. Regardless of this, the painting is a beautiful work of genius, inspiring grandeur and awe through the centuries in anyone who looks upon it. The tempera technique was a new one, invented by Da Vinci, which he wanted to experiment with when creating â₠¬Å"The Last Supper.† He didn’t want to paint on wet plaster for that would have severely limited the amount of time which he could spend working on the painting. Da Vinci wanted to capture the smallest of details and colors and working with plaster would not have allowed him to achieve such excessive exquisiteness when painting (â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper†). He applied a combination of tempera, a mixture of egg yolk and vinegar, with oil painting and used dry plaster to be able to better control the types of colors he could use (Ladwein 2006). This also allowed Da Vinci to redo specific areas without worrying about the plaster drying. Although, this allowed him ample time to complete the mural, it didn’t however stand up to the test of time. For, only a few years after its completion, the mural started showing signs of ruin. For example, the humidity caused the plaster to peel off at many places and even the paint starting falling off. This d eterioration has led to many restoration incidents. As early as 1517 the painting was started to be described as being ruined (â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper†). The paint was horribly faded and the faces became unrecognizable. A curtain was even hung to protect the painting, but it only worked to absorb moisture and further destroy and scratch the painting. The first true attempt occurred in 1726, where Michelangelo Bellotti, tried to fill in the missing areas with oil paint and later varnished the entire mural for protection. This too did not last long because the materials used weren’t up to the important task and in 1770, Giuseppe Mazza, had to repaint the entire mural (â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper†). He wasn’t allowed to completely finish due to the growing controversy and resentment of the public, for, they felt that the artists were taking liberty with the work and recreating it however they pleased. However, time wasn’t the only enemy of this magnificent work of art. For example, at the end of the eighteenth century, French troops badly vandalized the painting, threw stones at it, and even tried to scratch the faces of the Apostles (â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper†). It was severely destroyed before an attempt was made to relocate it to a safe location. While moving it, the painting was again further damaged. Many parts had torn off and glue was futilely used to attach the pieces back together. Two more attempts were made to clean the parts which were still attached and stable. The twentieth century didn’t fare any better for the mural painting. For, it met with heavy bombing and vibrations during world war two. The painting was destroyed beyond recognition and a major restoration project took place during the late 1970’s in hopes of fixing all the past mistakes and improper attempts at repairing it (â€Å"Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper†). The project laste d more than twenty years and great care was taken to stabilize the condition of the painting and